What is potential energy defined as?

Potential energy is defined as energy that is stored due to the position or condition of an object. This form of energy is associated with the potential for an object to perform work when it is in a position that is influenced by gravitational, elastic, or other forces. For example, a rock held at a height has gravitational potential energy, which can be converted into kinetic energy if the rock is dropped. Similarly, a compressed spring contains elastic potential energy, which can be released to do work when the spring returns to its original shape.

Understanding potential energy is crucial, as it plays a significant role in various physical systems and processes, influencing how energy is stored and transformed. This foundational concept underpins many scientific principles and applications in fields such as physics and engineering.