What piece of equipment replaced the bucket brigade in 1720?

The piece of equipment that replaced the bucket brigade in 1720 was the hand pump. This innovation marked a significant advancement in firefighting technology. The hand pump allowed for a more efficient and effective means of delivering water to extinguish fires.

Before the introduction of hand pumps, bucket brigades would manually transport water from a source to the fire, which was labor-intensive and time-consuming. The hand pump enabled firefighters to draw water from a cistern or another source and direct it towards the fire more rapidly and with greater force. This not only improved response times but also increased the volume of water that could be applied to the fire, enhancing overall firefighting capabilities.

Other options, such as fire hooks, were tools used for removing debris or creating access but did not serve the primary function of delivering water to extinguish flames. Chemical wagons and triple-combustion pumpers came much later in the evolution of firefighting equipment and also do not represent the first major advancement following the bucket brigade. The hand pump stands as the pivotal development during that period, revolutionizing the approach to firefighting.