Which term best defines the movement of water inside a container?

The most appropriate term for describing the movement of water inside a container is fluid dynamics. This field encompasses the study of fluids (liquids and gases) in motion and addresses various principles that govern how they behave under different conditions. The term effectively captures not only the movement but also the forces and interactions at play when water flows within a defined space, such as a tank or a pipe.

In this context, liquid surge, while it may imply a sudden or rapid movement of liquid, does not encompass the broader principles of flow and movement throughout the entire volume of water in a container. Instead, fluid dynamics provides a comprehensive framework to analyze and understand these movements in a scientific and practical manner.